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The latest medical research news on addiction
An antibody in single-chain fragment variable (scFv) format that binds to the powerful opioid carfentanil was shown to reverse signs of carfentanil overdose in preclinical tests conducted by scientists at Scripps Research.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-08-human-antibody-carfentanil-fentanyl-opioids.html MedicationsMon, 07 Aug 2023 14:36:14 EDT news610637769
Most individuals diagnosed with opioid use disorder are not on recommended medications and even fewer remain in care, according to a research letter published today in JAMA Internal Medicine by lead author Ashley Leech, Ph.D., assistant professor in the Department of Health Policy at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC).
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-08-effective-medications-opioid-disorder-rarely.html AddictionMon, 07 Aug 2023 11:45:05 EDT news610627500
In 2021, an estimated 2.5 million people aged 18 years or older in the U.S. had opioid use disorder in the past year, yet only one in five of them (22%) received medications to treat it, according to a new study. Some groups were substantially less likely to receive medication for opioid use disorder, including Black adults, women, those who were unemployed, and those in nonmetropolitan areas.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-08-adults-opioid-disorder-medications.html MedicationsMon, 07 Aug 2023 11:00:01 EDT news610622191
The 15- to 30-year-olds in the U.K. who perceived e-cigarettes as harmful were 40% less likely to use them compared to those who do not consider them harmful. Yet only 53% of those using e-cigarettes at least monthly said they had seen warning labels on packaging, finds research from The George Institute for Global Health.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-08-awareness-vaping-key-e-cigarette-young.html HealthMon, 07 Aug 2023 10:47:05 EDT news610624021
A new study published by UNC Family Medicine’s Sarah Kowitt, Ph.D., MPH, and colleagues looked at the impact of different types of warning signs for large and premium cigars sold individually at the point of sale. The team’s newly developed graphic and text warnings were more effective than the FDA’s proposed text-only warnings and could potentially increase the effectiveness of warning signs for large and premium cigars.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-08-team-effective-cigar-signage.html Oncology & CancerMon, 07 Aug 2023 10:09:44 EDT news610621780
While previous research has shown that prenatal cannabis exposure can obstruct the normal growth of a fetus, the long-term impacts on brain development are still unknown. Western researchers are now providing fresh insight into this area, while also identifying a possible direction to treat the adverse effects.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-08-cannabis-pregnancy-lifelong-cognitive-deficits.html Psychology & PsychiatryFri, 04 Aug 2023 08:07:56 EDT news610355271
According to the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 4.8 million people (ages 12 and up) reported using cocaine within the previous 12 months, and 24,486 people died from an overdose involving cocaine. Because there are no FDA-approved medications for cocaine use disorder, there is an urgent need to develop therapeutic interventions.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-08-gut-microbiome-rewarding-effects-cocaine.html AddictionThu, 03 Aug 2023 12:57:35 EDT news610286251
An Oregon State University study has found that in states where recreational cannabis has been legalized, young adults not in college more often became frequent users of the drug than their college-enrolled peers.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-08-states-legalized-cannabis-frequent-common.html AddictionWed, 02 Aug 2023 16:11:06 EDT news610211456
Road safety is a critical issue in an era of increasing cannabis legalization. Cannabis is known to impair reaction time, decision-making, coordination and perception—skills necessary for safe driving. In the last three years, California has seen a 62% increase in the number of fatal crashes involving drug-related impairment.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-08-field-sobriety-drivers-cannabis.html Psychology & PsychiatryWed, 02 Aug 2023 12:46:22 EDT news610199176
Millions of Americans with tobacco-related lung disease have symptoms that do not fit any existing tobacco-related disease criteria—including the most common of those, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)—according to a new study led by researchers at UC San Francisco.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-08-millions-long-term-smokers-lung-disease.html Diseases, Conditions, SyndromesTue, 01 Aug 2023 11:00:01 EDT news610098593
Women are catching up to men when it comes to dying from alcohol abuse, a new study finds.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-alcohol-men-women-death.html HealthMon, 31 Jul 2023 13:40:01 EDT news610029185
A new study into the race and socio-demographics of newborns with symptoms of opioid withdrawal shows that it is disproportionately higher among white newborns whose mothers are Medicaid enrollees and have the lowest income, compared with Black and Hispanic infants. The withdrawal condition is called neonatal abstinence syndrome, or NAS.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-clearer-view-newborns-opioid.html AddictionMon, 31 Jul 2023 11:02:34 EDT news610020150
More than 10 million Americans misused prescription opioids in 2019, and nearly 75 percent of drug overdose deaths in 2020 involved an opioid. According to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, overdose deaths involving opioids, including prescription opioids, heroin and synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, have increased eightfold since 1999.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-pitfalls-solutions-ai-opioid-disorder.html AddictionThu, 27 Jul 2023 11:20:37 EDT news609675630
Over the last decade, opioid abuse and overdoses have reached epidemic proportions in the United States. Now, Scripps Research scientists show that a drug that activates metabotropic glutamate 2 receptors in the brain can reduce oxycodone intake and drug-seeking behavior in an animal model of opioid use disorder (OUD).
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-blocking-glutamate-oxycodone-intake-behavior.html Medical researchThu, 27 Jul 2023 04:00:17 EDT news609649200
The most effective treatment to care for people with opioid use disorder are opioid agonist therapies (OAT), including medications like methadone or buprenorphine. But interrupting this therapy may result in severe symptoms of withdrawal, relapse to injected opioids, overdose, and death.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-ukrainian-refugees-high-barriers-opioid.html AddictionWed, 26 Jul 2023 10:17:03 EDT news609585421
Medications for alcohol use disorder are underutilized in British Columbia, despite their safety and effectiveness, according to a new study published today in the journal Addiction.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-medications-alcohol-addiction-underused.html MedicationsTue, 25 Jul 2023 15:19:27 EDT news609517162
Rather than turn to vices such as alcohol and drugs, many people turned to new pursuits to cope with pandemic-related stresses, according to a Rutgers study.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-hobbies-healthy-habits-surged-pandemic.html HealthThu, 20 Jul 2023 10:59:58 EDT news609069592
Recent and long-term marijuana use is linked to changes in the human epigenome, a new Northwestern Medicine study published in Molecular Psychiatry has found.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-marijuana-linked-epigenetic.html HealthThu, 20 Jul 2023 10:50:47 EDT news609069042
Decades after Purdue Pharma began to push physicians to prescribe addictive pain pills, the opioid crisis has been a slow-motion disaster, with overdoses destroying lives and families across the country.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-hepatitis-cases-heart-valve-infection.html AddictionWed, 19 Jul 2023 16:13:04 EDT news609001981
An Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai study sheds new light on some of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of opioid addiction, which accounted for three-quarters of the more than 100,000 fatal drug overdoses in the United States in 2021.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-differences-patients-heroin-disorder-drug.html Psychology & PsychiatryTue, 18 Jul 2023 16:45:03 EDT news608917501
An estimated 16 million people in the United States have alcohol use disorders (AUDs), according to the National Institutes on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). Now, Indiana University researchers have made a substantial discovery about the role genes play in the development of AUDs, finding that alteration of a group of genes known to influence neuronal plasticity and pain perceptions, rather than single gene defect, is linked to AUDs.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-gene-group-pain-brain-communication.html GeneticsMon, 17 Jul 2023 16:04:04 EDT news608828641
Many parents whose kids take prescription stimulants like Ritalin to treat ADHD worry that it could lead to illicit drug use later.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-therapy-adhd-teens-doesnt-cocaine.html MedicationsThu, 13 Jul 2023 12:35:04 EDT news608470502
The first large-scale U.S. clinical trial of cytisinicline, led by a Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) investigator, found the smoking cessation medication to be effective and well tolerated in adults who wished to break their nicotine dependence. In the Phase 3 study published in JAMA, researchers reported that cytisinicline could offer adults who smoke a potential new treatment option.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-large-clinical-trial-cytisinicline-cessation.html MedicationsThu, 13 Jul 2023 03:47:44 EDT news608438856
A boom in alcohol sales during the pandemic appears to have had dire consequences for some as hospital admissions for alcohol-related hepatitis, a life-threatening liver inflammation, increased dramatically, according to a study of national hospitalization data.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-sharp-severe-alcohol-related-liver-injury.html AddictionMon, 10 Jul 2023 14:49:03 EDT news608219341
The cannabis plant is complex, with about 100 cannabinoids, or compounds, many of which science still knows little or nothing about. The two most prevalent active ingredients—tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD)—have been well-studied.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-debunks-psychedelic-cannabinoid.html Medical researchMon, 10 Jul 2023 11:35:32 EDT news608207728
An estimated 50 million individuals in the United States struggle with the challenges of cocaine or alcohol use disorders, according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Beyond the well-documented health risks, addiction to these substances detrimentally affects our cognitive flexibility, which is the ability to adapt and switch between different tasks or strategies. Although previous research has hinted at this connection, the underlying reasons for this cognitive impairment remain elusive.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-substance-linked-long-lasting-brain-cognitive.html NeuroscienceFri, 07 Jul 2023 12:59:10 EDT news607953548
A team of researchers from several institutions led by the National Institutes of Health has examined U.S. national death trends. In a paper, “Trends in Mortality From Poisonings, Firearms, and All Other Injuries by Intent in the US, 1999-2020,” published in JAMA Internal Medicine, the researchers find disturbing trends in the rate and manner in which Americans are dying.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-guns-drugs-people-unprecedented-year.html AddictionThu, 06 Jul 2023 11:30:02 EDT news607859849
People who are regular cannabis users are at an increased risk of experiencing complications before, during, and after surgery, according to a study by researchers with UTHealth Houston published today in JAMA Surgery.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-cannabis-surgical-complications.html SurgeryWed, 05 Jul 2023 15:05:00 EDT news607788297
Researchers at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus have found that vaping nicotine during pregnancy may be no safer for a developing fetus than smoking cigarettes. The study suggests that vaping nicotine interferes with fetal bone and lung development.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-vaping-nicotine-pregnant-impact-fetal.html Obstetrics & gynaecologyWed, 05 Jul 2023 15:01:20 EDT news607788077
Young people who are exposed to adverse childhood experiences between the ages of 0—12 years, including parental drug misuse, are at highest risk for developing problematic adolescent cannabis use as teenagers, according to a new study.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-adverse-childhood-strong-predictor-adolescent.html HealthThu, 29 Jun 2023 13:10:14 EDT news607263004
